Efficacy of Ballast Water Treatment Systems Installed Onboard Ships Entering the Seaport of Novorossiysk, the Black Sea

O. N. Yasakova1,*, O. T. Zuykov2, Y. B. Okolodkov3

1 Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

2 The Federal State Budgetary Institution "Administration of Seaports of the Black Sea", Novorossiysk, Russia

3 Laboratorio de Botánica Marina y Planctología, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerías, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico

* e-mail: yasak71@mail.ru

Abstract

The paper aims to assess the quality of ballast water purification of phyto- and micro-zooplankton using various ballast-water treatment systems. The analysis of treatment systems performance was based on the results of the study of phyto- and microzooplankton taxonomic composition and abundance in 19 samples of ballast water treatment after their treatment in the ships’ systems. The samples were taken onboard 12 oil tankers and 7 bulk carriers originating from the ports representing the Mediterranean basin, tropical West Africa and the NW Indian Ocean. The vessels entered the seaport of Novorossiysk for cargo loading from October 2022 to March 2023. In 90% of all cases of the systems use, the ballast water purification of unicellular organisms met the Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments. The ballast of 10% of the vessels (from Turkish ports in the Marmara and Aegean Seas) equipped with DESMI CompactClean СС-500 (treatment by filtration + UV) and Pureballast 3.2 1500 EX (treatment by UV system) did not meet the cleaning quality standard: 1.19×106 and 1.21×104 cells/L, respectively, were detected after treatment. The ballast waters of vessels from the Gulf of Suez and Mauritania represented a moderate risk in terms of cell abundance (7.16×103 and 2.03×103 cells/L, respectively). In total, 20 microalgal species were found: diatoms (13), dinoflagellates (6), a silicoflagellate (1), several algal taxa not identified to species, as well as ciliates. Proboscia alata and Prorocentrum micans were the most frequent. No planktonic algae classified as invasive to the Black Sea were found.

Keywords

ballast water, marine ballast, seaport of Novorossiysk, ballast water systems, taxonomic composition, phytoplankton, Black Sea, anthropogenic pollution, biological invasion, invasive species

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Captain of the Port of Novorossiysk S. A. Uryupin for the opportunity to examine ballast waters, to the inspectors of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Administration of Seaports of the Black Sea" O. V. Sinayskiy, A. B. Krylovskiy and A. A. Rassokhin for sampling, as well as to N. A. Okolodkova (Mexico City, Mexico) for preparing the map, plate of micrographs and graphical abstract, S. N. Olenin (Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania) for help with the literature, Nina Lundholm (Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark) for consulting us about the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia and M. M. Gowing (Seattle, WA, USA) for improving the English style. The manuscript was prepared within the framework of the federal state task of the Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, No. 122011900153-9.

For citation

Yasakova, O.N., Zuykov, O.T. and Okolodkov, Y.B., 2023. Efficacy of Ballast Water Treatment Systems Installed Onboard Ships Entering the Seaport of Novorossiysk, the Black Sea. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (4), pp. 134–154.

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