T. V. Pankeeva1,*, N. V. Mironova1, A. V. Parkhomenko2
1 A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia
2 Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia
* e-mail: tatyanapankeeva@yandex.ru
Abstract
For the first time, the paper proposes an outline of an ecological framework for the western coast of Sevastopol. An ecological framework is a network of protected areas and objects of different status represented by areal, linear and point elements. The studying of the bottom landscape structure and hydro-botanical survey of the coastal zone were carried out in summer 2020. Based on the obtained data, a map of underwater landscapes in the study water area was made. Six underwater landscapes dominated by key macrophyte species were identified in the landscape structure: Ericaria crinita, Gongolaria barbata, and Phyllophora crispa. For each underwater landscape, the phytocenosis is described, and quantitative and qualitative indicators of macrophytobenthos are calculated (species composition of macrophytes, presence of protected red-listed algae species, phytomass stock of macroalgae and its dominant species). Based on the landscape approach, spatial and functional conservation elements (key, transit, buffer and restorative) were identified taking into account the indicators of the vegetation component of underwater landscapes. It was revealed that for the coastal area under study the key water areas include underwater landscapes with “Cystoseira” phytocenosis, the transit ones include landscapes with “Cystoseira” – Phyllophora phytocenosis, and restorative ones include landscapes with Phyllophora phytocenosis. All elements of the ecological framework have different protection regimes and are of different types of nature management. The obtained results and proposed approach can be used to form an ecological framework of the marine areas of Sevastopol and the Republic of Crimea.
Keywords
underwater landscapes, macrophytobenthos, protected water areas, landscape approach, Black Sea
Acknowledgments
This work was carried out under state assignment of A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 121030300149-0) and Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS no. FNNN-2021-0005. The authors are grateful to I. K. Evstigneeva and I. N. Tankovskaya for the determination of the species composition of algae and joint work on the processing of the collected material; divers I. Yu. Tamoikin for their help in sampling macrophytobenthos and taking photos and videos of underwater landscapes.
For citation
Pankeeva, T.V., Mironova, N.V. and Parkhomenko, A.V., 2023. Approaches to Formation of the Ecological Framework of the Western Coast of Sevastopol. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (3), pp. 71–85.
References
- Dyakonov, K.N. and Khoroshev, A.V., eds., 2019. [Theory and Methods of Landscape Planning]. Moscow: Tovarishchestvo Nauchnyh Izdaniy KMK, 444 p. (in Russian).
- Mirzekhanova, Z.G. and Ostroukhov, A.V., 2006. Ecological Frame of a Territory (on Example of the Vaninsk District of Khabarovsk Kray). Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya, (5), pp. 73–81 (in Russian).
- Mikhno, V.B. and Kuchin, A.V., 2005. [On Development of Landscape-Ecological Frame of the Zadonsk District of Lipetsk Region]. Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Geography. Geoecology, (2), pp. 19–28 (in Russian).
- Mokievsky, V.O., 2009. Marine Protected Areas: Theoretical Background for Design and Operation. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 35(6), pp. 504–514. doi:10.1134/S1063074009060091
- Ivanov, A.N., 2003. [Problems of Marine Reserve Organization in Russia]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria 5, Geografia, (4), pp. 22–27 (in Russian).
- Prygunova, I.L., 2005. Ecological Network of the Crimea. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria 5, Geografia, (5), pp. 29–33 (in Russian).
- Bokov, A.V., 2002. [Prospects for Development of Unified Nature Protection Network of Crimea]. Simferopol: Krymuchpedgiz, 192 p. (in Russian).
- Mironova, N.V. and Pankeeva, T.V., 2021. Spatiotemporal Changes in the MacrophytoBenthos in the Coastal Zone of Karanskii Nature and Landscape Reserve (Sevastopol, Black Sea). Biology Bulletin, 48(10), pp. 1941–1949. doi:10.1134/S1062359021100320
- Mitina, N.N. and Chuprina, E.V., 2012. Subaquatic Landscapes of the Black and Azov Seas: Structure, Hydroecology, Protection. Moscow: FGUP “Tipographya” Rosselhozakademii, 320 p. (in Russian).
- Ivanov, A.N., 1998. [Landscape and Ecology Approach to Organization of Regional Systems of Protected Natural Areas]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria 5, Geografia, (3), pp. 16–21 (in Russian).
- Gerasimov, A.P., 2006. [Application of Landscape Approach during Planning Regional Ecological Frames]. Geographic Bulletin, (1), pp. 14–17 (in Russian).
- Malyutin, A.N., 2015. Biodiversity Conservation: On the Size of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas. Vestnik of Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, (1), pp. 14–20 (in Russian).
- Pankeeva, T.V., Mironova, N.V. and Kovardakov, S.A., 2017. Quantitative Parameters of Macrophytobenthos as Criteria for Validation of Water Areas Nature Conservation Value (the Sevastopol Region). Regional Environmental Issues, (1), pp. 28–33 (in Russian).
- Goryachkin, Yu.N., Fedorov, A.P., Dolotov, V.V. and Udovik, V.F., 2020. Natural Conditions and Anthropogenic Change of the Coastal Zone in the Area of Kacha Village. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (4), pp. 5–21. doi:10.22449/2413-5577-2020-4-5-21 (in Russian).
- Petrov, K.M., 1989. [Subaquatic Landscapes: Theory, Research Methods]. Leningrad: Nauka, 124 p. (in Russian).
- Pankeeva, T.V. and Mironova, N.V., 2021. Landscape Structure of the Western Coast of Sevastopol. Geopolitics and Ecogeodynamics of Regions, 7(2), pp. 276–291. doi:10.37279/2309-7663-2021-7-2-272-287
- Evstigneeva, I.K. and Tankovskaya, I.N., 2022. Diversity and Variability of Phytobenthos in the Western Coastal Area ofthe Crimean Peninsula. Russian Journal of Applied Ecology, (2), pp. 20–32. doi:10.24852/2411-7374.2022.2.20.32
- Evstigneeva, I.K. and Tankovskaya, I.N., 2022. Benthic Algae of the Natural Monument “Coastal Aquatic Complex near Cape Lucullus” and their Spatial Distribution. Proceedings of the T.I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station – Nature Reserve of the RAS, 7(2), pp. 35–52. doi:10.21072/eco.2022.22.03
- Kalugina-Gutnik, A.A. and Kulikova, N.M., 1974. [Bottom Vegetation near the Western Coast of Crimea]. In: IBSS, 1974. Biology of Sea. Kiev: Naukova Dumka. Iss. 32, pp. 111–132 (in Russian).
- Pankeeva, T.V. and Mironova, N.V., 2022. Long-Term Dynamics of Underwater Landscapes of the Coastal Zone Cape Kosa Severnaya – Cape Tolsty (Sevastopol). Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (2), pp. 70–85. doi:10.22449/2413-5577-2022-2-70-85
- Evstigneeva, I.K. and Tankovskaya, I.N., 2023. The Ecological Structure of the Macroalgal Community in Western Crimea. Ecosystem Transformation, 6(1), pp. 108–120. doi:10.23859/estr-550529
- Sagodursky, S.E., Belich, T.V. and Sagodurskaya, S.A., 2013. [Some Aspects of Formation of Aquatic Components of Regional and Local Ecological Networks in Crimea]. In: S. P. Ivanov, ed., 2013. [Nature of Eastern Crimea. Assessment of Biodiversity and Development of Local Ecological Network Project]. Kiev, pp. 79–85 (in Russian).