Assessment of Pollution of the Yalta Bay Ecosystem Components with Organochlorine Xenobiotics

L. V. Malakhova*, V. V. Lobko

A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia

* e-mail: malakh2003@list.ru

Abstract

Assessment of pollution of water, brown algae of the genus Cystoseira sp., and bottom sediments of Yalta Bay with organochlorine xenobiotics, which include DDT and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), was conducted according to 2017–2020 data. The concentration of these organochlorine compounds was compared with the recommended standards for their content in the marine environment: threshold limit value in water as well as international threshold levels of threshold effect concentration (TEC) and probable effect concentrations (PEC) in sediments. In spring 2017, the average concentration of PCBs in water exceeded 1.2 times the threshold limit value for seawater, which is 10 ng/L. In Cystoseira sp., organochlorine compounds accumulated with high accumulation coefficients varying for DDT and its metabolites DDE and DDD and six indicator congeners of PCBs in the range from 1·103 to 2·104, which indicated high bioavailability of the studied substances. Extremely high concentrations of DDT were detected in the surface layers of bottom sediments, exceeding by a factor of 46 the recommended TEC threshold levels, equal to 5.3 ng/g dry weight for the sum of concentrations of DDT and its metabolites (∑DDT). The distribution profiles of ∑DDT in soil cores at the two stations show a general tendency for their content to decrease with depth increasing. In the cores, the sum of six PCB indicator congeners concentrations (∑6PCB) did not exceed the TEC for PCBs, equal to 60 ng/g dry weight. The source of pollution of Yalta Bay with organochlorine compounds was the Vodopadnaya River runoff, due to which ∑DDT intake was 1.5 g/year and that of ∑6PCB was 5.2 g/year.

Keywords

DDT, PCB, water, sediments, Cystoseira sp., Vodopadnaya River, Yalta Bay

Acknowledgments

The work was carried under state assignment of IBSS “Molismological and biogeochemical foundations of the marine ecosystems homeostasis” (121031500515-8.

For citation

Malakhova, L.V., Lobko, V.V., 2022. Assessment of Pollution of the Yalta Bay Ecosystem Components with Organochlorine Xenobiotics. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (3), pp. 104–116. doi:10.22449/2413-5577-2022-3-104-116

DOI

10.22449/2413-5577-2022-3-104-116

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