Environmental Monitoring System in the Azov and Black Sea Basin

E. E. Sovga1,*, A. N. Korshenko2, I. V. Mezentseva3, T. V. Khmara1, M. P. Pogozheva2

1 Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia

2 N.N. Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Moscow, Russia

3 Sevastopol Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution N.N. Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Sevastopol, Russia

* e-mail: science-mhi@mail.ru

Abstract

The paper presents the structure, tasks and features of environmental monitoring of the Black and Azov Seas as well as means and methods thereof adopted in the Russian Federation. The paper describes standards of analysis methods, layouts of offshore sampling stations, analyzed parameters, and specifics of the formation of the State Observation Network adopted by Roshydromet. Differences in the European and Russian systems of marine environmental monitoring and the systems' focus are shown. The features of satellite monitoring of the Azov and Black Sea basin were considered. The latest achievements of satellite monitoring of the Black Sea in the Russian Federation and the prospects for its development were analyzed. Additional opportunities to introduce satellite technologies in solving a number of environmental problems are listed. A new system of satellite monitoring of anthropogenic impacts on the Black Sea shelf of Russia, created by a team of scientists from the Aerocosmos Institute and institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is considered. The possibilities of using mathematical modeling methods as an effective tool for predicting the consequences of anthropogenic impact on marine areas, including oil spills, were analyzed. The long-term changes in the water pollution index of the Black Sea marine areas were estimated in the area of responsibility of the Russian Federation. The implementation stages of the international project EMBLAS developed as part of the Bucharest Convention (1992) were analyzed. The purpose of the project was to develop a system of integrated monitoring of the Black Sea, to collect and manage the obtained data, and to improve the skill level of dedicated experts in the Black Sea states. The paper provides a map of ecological zoning of the eastern Black Sea with description of complex monitoring stations proposed for inclusion in the work program. The paper substantiates the necessity of ecological zoning and allocation of sites, the recreational use of which should be excluded or limited for the sake of people's health until the situation changes.

Keywords

environmental monitoring, water pollution index, station layout, Azov and Black Sea basin, satellite information, international projects

Acknowledgments

The work was performed under state assignment of MHI no. 0555-2021-0005 (code “Coastal studies”).

For citation

Sovga, E.E., Korshenko, A.N., Mezentseva, I.V., Khmara, T.V. and Pogozheva, M.P., 2022. Environmental Monitoring System in the Azov and Black Sea Basin. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (2), pp. 19–37.

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