Comprehensive Research of the Environmental Status of Coastal Waters of Sevastopol (Western Crimea, Black Sea)

V. I. Ryabushko*, S. V. Shchurov, N. P. Kovrigina, E. V. Lisitskaya, N. V. Pospelova

A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia

* e-mail: rabushko2006@yandex.ru

Abstract

The status of the aquatic environment and biota in the Sevastopol coastal area was monitored in five expeditions in 2018–2019. The sampling was performed at 15 sites from the mouth of the Belbek River to Cape Margopulo. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), oxidizability, silicates, mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus, and qualitative and quantitative phyto- and meroplanktonic indicators were determined in the samples. It is established that the Kacha region has a uniform spatial thermohaline structure. The influence of the riverine runoff on the distribution of salinity is not found. High oxygen supply, low biochemical oxygen demand and oxidizability as well as low and uniform concentrations of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus are noted. The values of the eutrophication index (E-TRIX), which vary from 1.44 to 2.20, indicate the low trophic level of waters. 63 species of microalgae are registered, among which the number of potentially toxic species is negligible. In meroplankton, larvae of 45 species of bottom invertebrates have been identified. The minimum number of species (5) was noted in March, and the maximum (24) was observed in summer. It is advisable to continue to monitor the oceanoographic, hydrochemical and ecological status of the water area under study.

Keywords

temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, phytoplankton, meroplankton, the Black Sea.

Acknowledgments

the work is performed under state order on topic of IBSS of RAS “Study of Control Systems of Biotechnological Complex Production Processes Aimed at Development of Scientific Basis for Obtaining Biologically Active Agents and Technical Products of Marine Origin”, state registration No. АААА-А18-118021350003-6. The authors are grateful to A. I. Akimov for provision of data on chlorophyll-a content.

For citation

Ryabushko, V.I., Shchurov, S.V., Kovrigina, N.P., Lisitskaya, E.V. and Pospelova, N.V., 2020. Comprehensive Research of the Environmental Status of Coastal Waters of Sevastopol (Western Crimea, Black Sea). Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (1), pp. 104–119. doi:10.22449/2413-5577-2020-1-104-119 (in Russian).

DOI

10.22449/2413-5577-2020-1-104-119

References

  1. Ryabushko, V.I., Shchurov, S.V., Kovrigina, N.P., Lisitskaya, E.V. and Pospelova, N.V., 2019. A Comprehensive Environmental Study of Coastal Area of Western Crimea as Justification of Selection of Marine Farming Sites (Black Sea). Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (2), pp. 67–77. doi: 10.22449/2413-5577-2019-2-67-77 (in Russian)
  2. VNIRO, 1988. [Methods of Hydrochemical Studies of Main Biogenic Elements], Moscow: VNIRO, 119 p. (in Russian).
  3. Oradovsky, S.G., ed., 1993. Guidelines for the Chemical Analysis of Sea Waters. Saint-Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 264 p. (in Russian).
  4. Lyakh, A.M. and Bryantseva, Yu.V., 2001. Computer’s Program for the Calculation of Basic Phytoplankton Parameters. Ecology of the Sea, 58, pp. 87–90 (in Russian).
  5. Popov, M.A., Lisitskaya, E.V. and Pospelova, N.V., 2014. [Landscape and Biological Diversity of the Megalo-Yalo Gulf (Crimea, Black Sea)]. In: MHI, 2014. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones and Comprehensive Use of Shelf Resources. Sevastopol, MHI. Iss. 28, pp. 214–219 (in Russian).
  6. Atsikhovskaya, Zh.M. and Kuftarkova, E.L., 1999. [Abiotic Environmental Factors in the Area of Waste Water Discharge (Sevastopol Water Area)]. In: MHI, 1999. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones and Comprehensive Use of Shelf Resources. Sevastopol, MHI. Iss. 1, pp. 47–57 (in Russian).
  7. Belokopytov, V.N., Lomakin, P.D., Subbotin, A.A. and Shchurov, S.V., 2002. [Background Characteristics and Seasonal Variability of Thermohaline Field Vertical Stratification at the Sevastopol Coastal Area]. In: MHI, 2002. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones and Comprehensive Use of Shelf Resources. Sevastopol: ECOSI-Gidrofizika. Iss. 1(6), pp. 22–28 (in Russian).
  8. Troschenko, O.A., Eremin, I.Yu., Subbotin, A.A. and Schurov, S.V., 2007. Thermohaline Structure of Water adjoin Sevastopol and it Influence on Main Parameters of Mussel Farm. In: MHI, 2007. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones and Comprehensive Use of Shelf Resources. Sevastopol: ECOSI-Gidrofizika. Iss. 15, pp. 110–119 (in Russian).
  9. Kuftarkova, E.A., Eremin, I.Y. and Subbotin, A.A., 2011. Thin Vertical Chemical Structure at the Mussel Farm Located before a Strait Part of Sevastopol Bay. Marine Ekological Journal, 10(1), pp. 38–42 (in Russian).
  10. Troshchenko, O.A., Subbotin, A.A. and Eremin, I.Y., 2019. Variability of Main Limiting Environmental Factors in the Process of Bivalve Mollusk Cultivation at the Mussel Farm in Sevastopol. Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Geography. Geology, 5(2), pp. 308–321 (in Russian).
  11. Kuftarkova, E.A., Nemirovsky, M.S. and Rodionova, N.Yu., 2002. Hydrochemical Regime of the Region of the Experimental Mussel Farm (the Outer Harbor of Sevastopol, the Black Sea). Ecology of the Sea, 59, pp. 61–65 (in Russian).
  12. Kuftarkova, E.A., Gubanov, V.I., Kovrigina, N.P., Eremin, I.Yu. and Senicheva, M.I., 2006. Ecological Assessment of Modern State of Waters in the Region of Interaction of the Sevastopol Bay and Part of the Sea Contiguous to it. Marine Ekological Journal, 5(1), pp. 72–91 (in Russian).
  13. Ryabushko, L.I., Pospelova, N.V., Balycheva, D.S., Kovrigina, N.P., Troshchenko, O.A. and Kapranov, S.V., 2017. Epizoon Microalgae of the Cultivated Mollusk Мytilus Galloprovincialis Lam. 1819, Phytoplankton, Hydrological and Hydrochemical Characteristics in the Mussel-and-Oyster Farm Area (Sevastopol, Black Sea). Marine Biological Journal, 2(4), pp. 67–83. doi:10.21072/mbj.2017. 02.4.07 (in Russian).
  14. Ryabushko, L.I., Lishaev, D.N. and Kovrigina, N.P., 2019. Species Diversity of Epilithon Diatoms and the Quality of the Waters of the Donuzlav Gulf Ecosystem (Crimea, the Black Sea). Diversity, 11(7), 114. doi:10.3390/d11070114
  15. Gubanov, V.I., Kuftarkova, E.A., Kovrigina, N.P. and Rodionova, N.Yu., 2008. Diagnosis of the Black Sea Water Quality in the Area of Sevastopol. In: B. N. Panov, ed., 2008. Current Problems of the Azov-Black Sea Region Ecology. Materials of III International Conference. Kerch, YugNIRO, 10–11 October 2007. Kerch: YugNIRO Publishers’, pp. 90–97 (in Russian).
  16. Senicheva, M.I., 2014. Unusual “Water-bloom” of Large-Cell Diatoms Algae’ Species in Off-Shore Waters of Sevastopol in 2007–2010 (the Black Sea). Marine Ekological Journal, 13(4), pp. 50–56 (in Russian).
  17. Stelmakh, L.V., 2018. Environmental and Physiological Bases of Coccolithophorid Emiliania Huxleyi Spring Bloom Development in the Black Sea. Monitoring Systems of Environment, (33), pp. 85–92 (in Russian).
  18. Terenko, G.V., 2019. The Anomalous of a Water Bloom by Nodularia Spumigena Mertens Ex Bornet Et Flahault (Cyanoprokaryota) in the Odessa Bay of the Black Sea in June 2019. In: E. N. Patova, ed., 2019. Proceedings of the II International Scientific Conference Cyanoprokaryota/Cyanobacteria: Systematic, Ecology, Distribution, September 16–21, 2019. Syktyvkar: Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, UB RAS. doi:10.31140/book-2019-03 (in Russian).
  19. Lisitskaya, E.V., 2017. Taxonomic Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of Meroplankton in the Area of Mussel-Oyster Farm (Sevastopol, Black Sea). Marine Biological Journal, 2(4), pp. 38–49. doi:10.21072/mbj.2017.02.4.04 (in Russian).
  20. Makarov, Yu.N., 2004. Decapods. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 430 p. (in Russian).
  21. Kiselyova, M.I., 2004. Polychaetes (Polychaeta) of the Azov and Black Seas. Apatity: Izd-vo Kol’skogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, 409 p. (in Russian).
  22. Zevina, G.B. and Poltarukha, O.P., 1999. Barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) of the Black Sea. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Series, 104(1), pp. 30–39 (in Russian).
  23. Chukhchin, V.D., 1984. Ecology of the Black Sea Gastropods. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 176 p. (in Russian)

Download the article (PDF, in Russian)