Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea Экологическая безопасность прибрежной и шельфовой зон моря 2413-5577 20250207 VHKNLA Научная статья Research Article Assessment and Characterization of Microplastics in Aquatic Environments near Pekalongan (Indonesia) Оценка и характеристики микропластика в водной среде в районе Пекалонгана (Индонезия) Widada S. Видада С. Kunarso Кунарсо Indrayanti E. Индраянти Э. Widiaratih R. Видиарати Р. Ismanto A. Исманто А. Zainuri M. Зайнури М. muhammadzainuri@lecturer.undip.ac.id Hadibarata T. Хадибарата Т. Anindita M. A. Аниндита М. А. Tristanova T. Тристанова Т. Jihadi M. S. Джихади М. Ш. mail.shulhanj@gmail.com Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University Семаранг Индонезия Environmental Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia Miri Malaysia Environmental Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia Мири Малайзия Center for Coastal Rehabilitation and Disaster Mitigation Studies, Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Center for Coastal Rehabilitation and Disaster Mitigation Studies, Diponegoro University Семаранг Индонезия 30 06 2025 2 99 117 11 08 2024 03 10 2024 25 03 2025 Copyright ©; 2025, Widada S., Kunarso, Indrayanti E., Widiaratih R., Ismanto A., Zainuri M., Hadibarata T., Anindita M.A., Tristanova T., Jihadi M.S. Copyright ©; 2025, Видада С., Кунарсо, Индраянти Э., Видиарати Р., Исманто А., Зайнури М., Хадибарата Т., Аниндита М.А., Тристанова Т., Джихади М.Ш. 2025 Widada S., Kunarso, Indrayanti E., Widiaratih R., Ismanto A., Zainuri M., Hadibarata T., Anindita M.A., Tristanova T., Jihadi M.S. Видада С., Кунарсо, Индраянти Э., Видиарати Р., Исманто А., Зайнури М., Хадибарата Т., Аниндита М.А., Тристанова Т., Джихади М.Ш. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://ecological-safety.ru/repository/issues/2025/02/07/

The occurrence of microplastics in the marine environment and their impact on the environment, biodiversity, and human life is concerning. Pekalongan is an industrial city with various anthropogenic activities such as fisheries, aquaculture, household, and most notably the batik textile industry. This research was carried out to determine the spatial distribution and characteristics of microplastics in the water and sediment of the Pekalongan coastal area. Water samples were collected at 10 stations (at 5 of them sediments were sampled as well) in the Sengkarang River estuary and its surroundings. Microplastics were identified using the optical microscopy method, followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) testing to determine the polymer of microplastics. Microplastics were characterized using a Motic SMZ-161 microscope, then photographed using a Moticam A5 and counted based on each characteristic. In this study, we found polymers such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyamide, and polyester. The abundance of microplastics in seawater was 214.4 particles/L and 300 particles/kg in suspended sediments. The microplastics types included fibers, fragments, films, and pellets of various colors and sizes. The dominant microplastic type in seawater and sediments was fiber (44%, 44%), followed by fragments (28%, 25%), foam (15%, 13%), and pellets (7%, 16%). White was the dominant color in seawater (54%) and sediments (53%), blue (21%, 18%), and red (15%, 17%), while yellow, green, and black were also found in small portions. The size of microplastics ranged from 1 µm to 10 mm, and the dominant size range was in the 50–250 µm group. The highest concentration of microplastics in the seawater was found in site B5 with a concentration of 360 particles/L, while the highest concentration of microplastics in sediments was found in site B4 (389 particles/kg). Site B5 is located in the midwater area but still close to the estuary, where the pollution from the surrounding areas flows to the location. Site B4 is in the littoral-intertidal zone where the water is affected by tides and is prime location for sedimentation to occur.

Присутствие микропластика в морской среде и его воздействие на окружающую среду, биоразнообразие и жизнь человека вызывают обеспокоенность. Пекалонган – промышленный город, в котором ведется разнообразная хозяйственная деятельность, например рыболовство, аквакультура, домашнее хозяйство и особенно текстильная промышленность (производство батика). Цель исследования – определить пространственное распределение и характеристики микропластика в воде и донных отложениях прибрежной зоны Пекалонгана. Пробы воды были отобраны на 10 станциях; на пяти из них также взяты пробы донных отложений. Район отбора проб охватывал устье реки Сенгкаранг и прилегающие территории. Микропластик идентифицировали методом оптической микроскопии, а полимерный состав определяли методом инфракрасной спектроскопии с преобразованием Фурье (FTIR). Микропластик характеризовали с помощью микроскопа Motic SMZ-161, затем фотографировали на камеру Moticam A5 и подсчитывали по каждой категории. В ходе исследования были идентифицированы полимеры: полистирол, полиэтилен, полиамид и полиэстер. Концентрация микропластика составила 214.4 част/л в морской воде и 300 част/кг в донных отложениях. Выделены следующие типы частиц: волокна, фрагменты, пленки и гранулы различных цветов и размеров. Во всех средах преобладали волокна (44 в воде и 44 % в отложениях), за ними следовали фрагменты (28 и 25 % соответственно), вспененный материал (15 и 13%) и гранулы (7 и 16 %). Наиболее распространенным был белый цвет пластика (54 в воде, 53 % в отложениях), затем синий (21 и 18 %) и красный (15 и 17 %). Желтый, зеленый и черный цвета встречались реже. Размер частиц варьировался от 1 мкм до 10 мм, при этом наиболее частым был диапазон 50–250 мкм. Максимальная концентрация микропластика в морской воде зафиксирована на ст. B1 (360 част/л), а в донных отложениях – на ст. B4. Это объясняется расположением станции B1 на реке вблизи насосной станции, куда поступают загрязнения с прилегающих территорий. Станция B4 находится в литоральной зоне, подверженной влиянию приливно-отливных течений, что способствует интенсивному накоплению отложений.

 microplastics Pekalongan North Java Coast estuary pollution микропластик Пекалонган северное побережье Явы эстуарий загрязнение This work was supported by the Research for International Publications program managed by the Universitas Diponegoro, and that fund was sourced other than APBN UNDIP Number 609-64/UN7.D2/PP/VIII/2023. Collaboration from Curtin University Malaysia is highly appreciated. Работа выполнена в рамках программы Research for International Publications Университета Дипонегоро и финансировалась из источников, не являющихся APBN UNDIP № 609-64/UN7.D2/PP/VIII/2023. Авторы высоко ценят сотрудничество с Университетом Кертина, Малайзия.

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