In recent decades, the interest in polychaetes of the Dorvilleidae family, adapted to exist in marginal biotopes (cold methane seeps, hydrothermal vents, sulphide sediments) has increased. The work aims to analyze the ecological characteristics, distribution and quantitative representation of Dorvilleidae in the Black Sea. The study materials were samples of macrozoobenthos on the Black Sea shelf in 2010-2019, taken with an Okean-50 bottom grab S = 0.25 m², and benthos samples, taken in the coastal areas of Crimea in 1997-2023 with a diving bottom grab S = 0.04 m². Three species of the family Dorvilleidae were recorded in the northern Black Sea: Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855), Schistomerings rudolphii (Delle Chiaje, 1828), Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869). Their bathymetric range was limited to the photic zone (up to 50 m). D. rubrovittata occurred mainly in the biotope of hard substrates fouling and formed relatively large aggregations (up to 438 ind·m⁻²) in underwater channels and caves. The species was first found by us in the northwestern part of the Black Sea. S. rudolphii was recorded in small quantities (2-300 ind·m⁻²) along the entire Crimean coast. This species was found mainly on shell substrates and among macrophytes. P. kefersteini was recorded in almost the entire northern part of the Black Sea (excluding the Caucasian coasts) on sandy-shell substrates with varying degrees of siltation. It is a mass species, and its density reached significant values in some areas. In Kruglaya Bay (Sevastopol area), a stable population of this species with the highest occurrence (up to 88%) and density (up to 13,215 ind·m⁻²) was recorded for a long time. The supposed reason for this is the formation in Kruglaya Bay of large assemblages of bacteria and microalgae, which are a forage base for P. kefersteini.