The paper presents the results of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the hydrocarbon composition of water, bottom sediments of the North Crimean Canal and soil from adjacent agricultural lands during filling the canal with water after an eight-year break. The material for the study was water, bottom sediments and soil samples taken in the spring of 2022. When planning sampling, the ways of hydrocarbon entry into the canal were taken into account: directly with the Dnieper water, with atmospheric precipitation, and with washout from nearby territories. The qualitative and quantitative composition of hydrocarbons in water, bottom sediments, and soil was determined by gas chromatography in the Scientific and Educational Center for Collective Use «Spectrometry and Chromatography» of IBSS. To identify probable sources of the studied class of substances, biogeochemical markers were used. The obtained concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons in water (0.032±0.006 mg·L⁻¹) of the studied section of the North Crimean Canal did not exceed the maximum permissible values (0.05 mg·L⁻¹) and were close to the values typical for unpolluted water areas. The hydrocarbon content in the bottom sediments of the canal (30 mg·kg⁻¹ air-dry bottom sediments) and in adjacent fields (18.1 mg·kg⁻¹ air-dry bottom sediments) also indicated the absence of high pollution levels. In the canal water, n-alkanes were identified in the C₁₇–C₃₂ range; in the bottom sediments and soils of adjacent territories, the n-alkane range was C₁₇–C₃₃. The composition of n-alkanes and the values of biogeochemical markers in water indicated a mixed nature of hydrocarbons with a predominant share of compounds of allochthonous origin washed away from the drainage basin of the lower Dnieper. The composition of n-alkanes and the markers calculated for the bottom sediments and soils were typical for the soils of the steppe regions and were significantly similar to them.