Transformation of the Western Branch of the Bakalskaya Spit (Northwestern Crimea) as a Result of the Storm on 26–27 November 2023

V. V. Krylenko1,*, Yu. N. Goryachkin2, M. V. Krylenko1, B. V. Divinsky1

1 Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of RAS, Moscow, Russia

2 Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia

* e-mail: krylenko.slava@gmail.com

Abstract

Accumulative marine coastal forms of the Black Sea are exposed to a number of natural threats, including sea level rise and increased wave action. Monitoring of accumulative forms dynamics in order to timely identify adverse trends in their development is a necessary component for coastal zone management and the development of coastal protection measures. The aim of the work is to determine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the transformation of the western branch of the largest accumulative form in the northwestern coast of Crimea – the Bakalskaya Spit – as a result of the storm on 26–27 November 2023. We used cartographic, literary and archival sources as well as remote sensing data, materials of long-term monitoring observations and results of mathematical modeling. In terms of wave parameters and overall power, the 26–27 November 2023 storm was extremely strong but not unique, and in terms of power and other wave parameters it is comparable to the 11 November 2007 storm. It was found that during the extreme storm, the accumulative body shifted to the east. The magnitude of the displacement varies significantly along the length of the spit and exceeds the magnitude of the main shore retreat. The position of zones with different magnitudes of the coastal bar displacement or formation of washouts does not coincide with that in previous storms. Differences in the character and scale of the accumulation body transformation are determined by local in terms of time and space conditions, primarily by the relief of the underwater slope and beach at the time of storm formation. Monitoring of the accumulative body dynamics following the storm recorded self-restoring processes confirming that the lithodynamic system had not been not brought out of the dynamic equilibrium.

Keywords

Black Sea, Crimean Peninsula, Bakalskaya Spit, extreme storm, relief, coastline

Acknowledgments

The work was carried out under state assignment of IO RAS no. FMWE-2024-0027 and that of MHI RAS no. FNNN-2024-0016.

For citation

Krylenko, V.V., Goryachkin, Yu.N., Krylenko, M.V. and Divinsky, B.V., 2025. Transformation of the Western Branch of the Bakalskaya Spit (Northwestern Crimea) as a Result of the Storm on 26–27 November 2023. Ecological Safety of Coastal and Shelf Zones of Sea, (1), pp. 51–71.

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